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2021
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08
推动安全风险管控智能化转型——《“工业互联网 危化安全生产”试点建设方案》解读(下)-博天堂在线开户
今年3月,应急管理部印发了《“工业互联网 危化安全生产”试点建设方案》,提出了试点建设的总体思路,明确了试点建设的原则、目标和任务。日前,应急管理部危化监管一司相关负责人围绕推进《方案》实施,进行了权威解读。
据了解,在企业自主申请、各地推荐的基础上,综合考虑行业分类和企业实际,应急管理部遴选了有行业代表性、规模代表性、场景代表性和技术代表性的68家企业和5个化工园区作为首批试点单位,并组建了由27名专家组成的试点建设咨询专家组,支撑试点建设。
紧扣难点、痛点、堵点 构建开放型生态系统
《方案》中提出,“工业互联网 危化安全生产”试点建设,要立足实战,紧扣当前危险化学品安全生产的难点、痛点、堵点,深入分析企业、化工园区、行业监管与国家治理的现实需求,扎实做好“工业互联网 危化安全生产”实践应用,形成可复制、可推广和成熟有效的博天堂在线开户的解决方案。按照“政府引导、企业主体”原则,充分调动各方面积极性,多方参与保障信息和系统安全,不走错路、少走弯路,构建开放型生态系统。力争通过3年时间的努力,打造一批应用场景、工业app和工业机理模型,构建“工业互联网 危化安全生产”的初步框架。
《方案》要求,在企业层面,以信息化促进企业数字化、智能化转型升级,提升安全生产管理的可预测、可管控水平,为企业新发展注入新动能。在园区层面,通过打造工业互联网网络、平台、安全三大体系,实现不同企业、不同部门与不同层级之间的协同联动,提升园区的高效协作和有效监管水平。在行业层面,建设“工业互联网 危化安全生产”分中心,完善危险化学品领域工业互联网标识解析二级节点布局,建设危险化学品工业互联网数据支撑平台、安全监管平台。在政府层面,布局涵盖生产、储存、使用、经营、运输等环节的危险化学品全产业链协同,系统构建“工业互联网 危化安全生产”的初步框架,优化产业结构和布局,推进行业转型升级和高质量发展。
应用场景建设是重中之重 企业、园区要不等不靠
危化一司有关负责人指出,试点建设重点内容分为应用场景、工业app和工业机理模型3部分。其中应用场景构建是试点建设的重中之重。针对当前危化品安全事故暴露的突出问题,同时结合化工过程安全管理的重点,《方案》提出了17个企业应用场景、9个园区及行业应用场景的建设需求,还对集团公司和政府层面的应用场景建设提出了总体要求,基本上涵盖了当前危化品安全生产工作中的难点、痛点、堵点问题。基于应用场景需求,《方案》提出了开发相应工业app和工业机理模型。
针对应用场景的建设,该负责人对部分企业应用场景做了具体介绍。
一是企业安全信息数据库建设与数字交付。企业安全信息是识别和控制风险的依据,是化工安全管理的基础,也是其他应用场景构建的基础。建设完善企业安全信息数据库,应涵盖相关的化学品安全技术说明书、工艺技术、设备设施、设计变更、施工安装、检维修、检测检验、评估评价、特殊作业、人员资质培训、承包商管理、值班值守、巡查巡检、隐患排查治理、制度标准等信息并及时动态更新,实现安全信息的统一管理和共享。
二是重大危险源管理。企业重大危险源管理应用场景构建要立足于企业内部应用,通过挖掘、分析设备设施信息数据库、拓展安全设施状态实时监控、重大危险源重点监控参数以及视频智能分析信息等数据,建立部署在企业层面的重大危险源安全生产风险预警模型,并与现有危化品安全生产风险监测预警系统有效融合,实现精准预警。
三是作业许可与作业过程管理。动火、进入受限空间等特殊作业环节安全风险大,事故易发,通过将动火、受限空间、临时用电等特殊作业审批许可条件条目化、电子化、流程化,并运用信息化手段对作业进行过程和痕迹管理,从而实现特殊作业申请、审查、许可、监护、验收全流程信息化、规范化、程序化管理。
四是培训管理。从业人员专业素质是企业安全生产水平的决定性因素。企业应结合实训基地、培训空间建设,充分利用云上资源或者定制开发培训系统,运用虚拟现实(vr)、增强现实(ar)、混合现实(mr)及数字孪生技术,依据不同岗位的培训需求矩阵,对员工进行线上全景式和浸入式培训,通过自动积分及奖惩机制,倒逼企业全员主动学习,提高培训效果。
五是设备完整性管理与预测性维修。保证设备完整性是防范危化品或能量泄漏事故的基础和前提。试点建设要基于同类设备故障案例库和专家知识库,建立设备异常状态预警模型,应用人工智能及自愈技术,开发设备运行状态监测信息系统和建立远程诊断预警中心,具备大机组、关键机泵及压力容器、常压储罐等重点设备健康状态评估、故障趋势预测功能,实现机组振动、失速、设备及管道腐蚀、机泵轴承损坏等设备异常工况和失效风险提前报警,将传统的被动维护、周期性维护转变为预测性维护,有效减少因设备失效引发的事故。
六是风险分级管控和隐患排查治理管理。有关试点单位以风险分级管控和隐患排查治理双重预防体系建设为契机,结合企业实际,全员参与开展岗位安全风险辨识,建立各岗位风险清单并分类分级,细化各层级岗位安全风险责任清单,并与智能化巡检系统相结合,实现全员参与排查、隐患自动上传、限期整改验收的闭环管理,精准解决风险分级管控和隐患排查治理在“最 后一公里”的有效落地,实现安全生产事故防范关口前移。
“匹配上述重点建设内容,《方案》提出了25项重点工作,其涉及企业、集团公司、园区应用场景建设的工作要不等不靠、先行启动,政府应用场景构建工作应根据试点建设情况提前筹划、积极推动。”该负责人说。
不求全求大 关键在于取得实效
《方案》提出了保障措施,其中主要有:一是加强组织和政策引导。工作专班注重做好顶层设计,在技术支撑、标准引领方面做好督促和指导。各省级应急管理部门要建立试点建设工作推进机制,制定扶持政策,加大资支持力度。二是发挥企业主体作用,各试点企业要落实主体责任,围绕场景建设和重点任务,组建强有力的试点建设推进专班,制定切实可行的方案,切忌照抄照搬,务求实效,早出成果早见效。三是强化协同合作,试点单位和技术支撑单位要大胆创新,对试点建设中的重点难点可以试试联合攻关,尽快形成可复制可推广的实践,专班要及时总结各地的好经验好做法,加强技术交流,形成示范带动效应。
危化一司有关负责人强调,试点建设方案场景较多,试点企业可结合自身基础和发展需要,有针对性地选择部分应用场景重点突破,不求全求大,关键在于取得实效。在试点建设方案中,列举了一些应用技术进行举例说明,但并没有排除其他技术,相关法律法规、标准规范没有明确提出禁用的技术均可采用。
另外,在试点方案编制过程中,有关技术支撑机构积极参与、献计献策,发挥了重要作用。在试点建设阶段,欢迎更多有能力的技术支撑机构参与,形成高效、包容、共享、开放的“工业互联网 危化安全生产”试点应用生态。在技术支撑单位的选择上,按照企业自主的原则由试点单位市场化运作。
应急管理部相关负责人表示,“工业互联网 危化安全生产”试点建设是一项创新性系统工程,希望各地区各单位高度重视,加强组织领导,强化支持引导和示范引领,强化人才培养,加强开放合作,勇于创新,确保试点建设有序推进,推动实现危化品安全风险管控数字化、智能化转型升级。
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